Schmidtler, J.F. & Eiselt, J. & Darevsky, I.S. (1994) - Untersuchungen an Felseidechsen (Lacerta-saxicola-Gruppe) in der östlichen Türkei: 3. Zwei neue parthenogenetische Arten. - Salamandra, Bonn, 30 (1): 55-70.   × Lacerta sapphirina n. sp. and Lacerta bendimahiensis n. sp. from the northern Lake Van region in eastern Turkey, as weil as the neighbouring L. unisexualis and L. uzzelli, seem to have originated in different localities from the parental (bisexual) species L. valentini and L. raddei (s. 1.) by hybridization. L. sapphirina is the sole species at the only known locality (2 .000 m), whereas L. bendimahiensis occurs sympatrically with L. raddei vanensis at its type locality (1.850 m), and together with L. valentini ssp. at another locality (2.300 m) . A t the type locality, a sterile and probably triploid intersex (L. raddei vanensis x L. bendimahiensis) was found. Both taxa are distinguishable in the field from each other and from L. unisexualis and L. uzzelli. Noteworthy in L. bendimahiensis and L. sapphirina are the number of ven- trals and the presence of blue lateral spots - usually male features in rock lizards. Taxono- mie implications in Transcaucasian unisexual lizards are discussed. Fu, J. & Murphy, R.W. & Darevsky, I.S. (2000) - Divergence of the cytochrome b gene in the Lacerta raddei complex and its parthenogenetic daughter species: Evidence for recent multiple origins. - Copeia, 2000 (2): 432-440. × Questions concerning the origin of parthenogenesis in Caucasian Rock Lizards and genetic divergence among bisexual lizards of the Lacerta raddei complex were examined using sequences from the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene. The maternal parent of the parthenogenetic L. uzzelli, L. sapphirina, and L. bendimahiensis was confirmed to be L. raddei. Although substantial variation was revealed among bisexual populations of L. raddei and L. nairensis, very low or no variation was found among the parthenogenetic species. A phylogenetic tree including 11 populations of L. raddei and L. nairensis, as well as 10 populations of its five daughter parthenogens, was constructed. Because of paraphyletic relationships, L. nairensis is considered conspecific with L. raddei. Evaluation of the parthenogenetic species suggests that separate hybridization events between L. raddei and L. valentini might have occurred at least twice. One resulted in L. sapphirina and L. bendimahiensis, and the other one (or more) resulted in L. unisexualis and L. uzzelli. The females involved were distantly related, Lacerta unisexualis and L. uzzelli likely had separate origins, but the females involved were closely related. Fu, J. & MacCulloch, R.D. & Murphy, R.W. & Darevsky, I.S. & Tuniyev, B.S. (2000) - Allozyme variation patterns and multiple hybridization origins: clonal variation among four sibling parthenogenetic Caucasian rock lizard. - Genetica, The Hague, 108: 107-112. × Allozyme electrophoresis of four sibling parthenogenetic Caucasian rock lizards Darevskia unisexualis, D.uzzelli, D.sapphirina, and D.bendimahiensis found seven clones and five variable loci. The data supported the hypothesis that D.raddei and D.valentini are the parental species of all four parthenogens. Variation patterns in Darevskia were summarized. Species that originated from a single F1 typically consisted of one widespread clone with a few rare clones. Species with multiple origins displayed variation only slightly higher than species with a single origin. This is contrary to other genera of parthenogenetic lizards, in which cases massive clonal variations were observed. Ciobanu, D.G. & Grechko, V.V. & Darevsky, I.S. (2003) - Molecular Evolution of Satellite DNA CLsat in Lizards from the Genus Darevskia (Sauria: Lacertidae): Correlation with Species Diversity. - Russian Journal of Genetics, Moscow, 39 (11): 1292-1305. × The structure and evolution of a satellite DNA family was examined in lizards from the genus Darevskia(family Lacertidae). Comparison of tandem units of repeated DNA (satDNA), CLsat, in all species from the genus Darevskiahas shown that their variability is largely explained by single-nucleotide substitutions, which form about 50 diagnostic positions underlying classification of the family into three subfamilies. Maximum differences between the subfamilies reached 25%. At this level of tandem unit divergence in the subfamilies, no cross-hybridization between them was observed (at 65°C). The individual variability within one subfamily within the species was on average 5% while the variability between species consensuses within a subfamily was 10%. The presence of highly conserved regions in all monomers and some features of their organization show that satellites of all Darevskia species belong to one satDNA family. The organization of unit sequences of satellites CLsat and Agi160 also detected by us in another lizard genus, Lacerta s. str. was compared. Similarity that was found between these satellites suggests their relatedness and common origin. A possible pathway of evolution of these two satDNA families is proposed. The distribution and content of CLsat repeat subfamilies in all species of the genus was examined by Southern hybridization. Seven species had mainly CLsatI (83 to 96%); three species, approximately equal amounts of CLsatI and CLsatIII (the admixture of CLsatII was 2–5%); and five species, a combination of all three subfamilies in highly varying proportions. Based on these results as well as on zoogeographic views on the taxonomy and phylogeny of the Darevskia species, hypotheses on the evolution of molecular-genetic relationships within this genus are advanced. Чобану Д.Г., Гречко В.В., Даревский И.С. (2003) - Молекулярная эволюция сателлитной ДНК CLSAT ящериц рода Darevskia (Sauria: Laeertidae): корреляция с видовым разнообразием. - Генетика, 39 (11): 1527-1541. × Исследовали структуру и эволюцию семейства сателлитной ДНК ящериц рода Darevskia сем. Lac-ertidae. При сравнительном анализе последовательностей мономеров тандемных повторов ДНК (сатДНК) - CLsat - всех видов ящериц р. Darevskia показано, что вариабельность повторов обусловлена главным образом однонуклеотидными заменами, которые образуют около 50 диагностических позиций, на основании которых выделены три подсемейства повторов. Максимальные значения различий между подсемействами достигают 25%. При такой степени дивергенции мономеров трех подсемейств перекрестной гибридизации (при 65°С) между ними не наблюдается. Индивидуальная вариабельность мономеров одного подсемейства внутри вида в среднем составляет 5%, а вариабельность между видовыми консенсусами внутри подсемейства - 10%. Наличие высококонсервативных областей во всех мономерах и ряд особенностей их организации позволяют рассматривать сателлиты всех видов р. Darevskia как единое семейство сатДНК. Приведено сравнение организации последовательности мономеров сателлита CLsat и обнаруженного нами Agi160 из другого рода ящериц -Lacerta s. str. Выявлено сходство, свидетельствующее о родстве этих сателлитов и об их общем происхождении, предложен вероятный путь эволюции этих двух семейств сатДНК. Методом Саузерн-гибридизации изучено распространение и содержание подсемейств повторов CLsat во всех видах рода. Семь видов содержат в основном CLsatl (от 83 до 96%), три вида - примерно равные количества CLsatl и CLsatIII (примесь CLsatII составляет 2-5%), а пять видов - сумму всех трех подсемейств в сильно отличающихся соотношениях. На основе этих данных, в совокупности с зоогеографически-ми представлениями о родстве видов р. Darevskia, предложены гипотезы эволюции молекулярно-генетического родства видов этого рода.
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